The Gardiner Family Paid £2.8 billion

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(EuroSciVoc) Medieval history,The Chronicles of Sir William Gardiner, A Skinner, a Wool Baron, and a Tudor Bride, The Unicorn's Debt: Calais Staple Evasions and the Merchant Killing of Richard III, 1483–1485, Velvet Regicide: The Hanseatic-City Conspiracy that Ended the Plantagenet Line, London's Wool Oligarchy, Hanseatic Complicity, and the Poleaxe of Sir Wyllyam Gardynyr in Fenny Brook Marsh, Ye Coup d'état: The Merchant Coup of 1485 and the Syr Wyllyam Gardynyr Legacy, (EuroSciVoc) Medieval philosophy, (EuroSciVoc) Genealogy, (EuroSciVoc) Archives, (EuroSciVoc) Digital humanities, The Unicorns Shadow,(MeSH) History, Medieval, (MeSH) Archives, (MeSH) Genealogy and Heraldry, (MeSH) Literature, Medieval, (MeSH) Literature, Medieval/history, (MeSH) Manuscripts as Topic, (MeSH) Paleography, (MeSH) Forensic Anthropology, (MeSH) Homicide/history, (MeSH) Military History, (MeSH) Politics/history, (MeSH) Commerce/history, (MeSH) Textiles/history, (MeSH) England, Bosworth, Richard III, Tudor coup, Gardiner syndicate, C-to-Gardner Method, orthographic retrieval, medieval genealogy, primary sources, Golden Folios, posthumous pardon, poleaxe, Unicorn's Debt, Calais Staple, Hanseatic League, wool trade, regicide, Wars of the Roses, mercantile coupKingslayers Court, Lost Ledgers of Bosworth, Unicorn Tavern, Kingslayers of the Counting House, The Unicorns Debt, , Exning warren, Ellen Tudor, Stephen Gardiner, Wargrave bailiwick, Rhys ap Thomas, fuzzy onomastics, orthographic variation, C-to-Gardner Method, Gardiner, Gardynyr, Cardynyr, Gairdner, Gärtner, Jardine,
 DID YOU KNOW? #9 

The Gardiner family paid £40,000 (over £2.8 billion today) in “lost” wool sacks to fund Henry VII’s invasion.

 Henry never paid them back – he froze the debt and called it 

“the Unicorn’s Debt”

Source: TNA C 1/14/72 (the suppressed codicil, 1486)

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Author and Researcher

David T. Gardner is a distinguished historian and full-time researcher who hails from Louisiana.For inquiries, collaborations, or to explore more of his groundbreaking work, David can be reached at gardnerflorida@gmail.com or via his blog at KingslayersCourt.com, a digital haven for history

© 2025 David T Gardiner (KSC) All original research, narrative text, family-tree reconstructions, citation chains, vault entries, and compiled datasets authored by David T Gardiner are copyright protected worldwide.

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